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1985 in South Africa

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1985
in
South Africa

Decades:
See also:

The following lists events that happened during 1985 in South Africa.

Incumbents

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Events

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January
February
  • 9 – An explosion damages the Old Defence Force offices in Marshall Street, Johannesburg.
  • 10 – Nelson Mandela rejects P.W. Botha's offer of conditional release.
  • 28 – Denis Goldberg is released from custody of Apartheid government after spending 22 years in white prison.
March
April
  • 15 – South Africa ends the ban on interracial marriages.
  • 30 – The Rand Daily Mail, a leading anti-apartheid newspaper, ceases publication.
May
  • 2 – An explosion rocks the building housing the gold mining companies of Anglo American and Anglovaal in Johannesburg and causes R170,000 in structural damage. Both companies are engaged in mass dismissals of mine workers.
  • 8 – The Disappearance of Pebco Three and subsequently murdered same year
  • 9 – Two grenade attacks occur in Pretoria townships.
  • 15 – Three explosions damage the Brakpan Police barracks.
  • 15 – Insurgents attack the buildings of the Brakpan Commissioners court and offices of the Messenger of the court.
  • 15 – The funeral of Andries Raditsela, an Umkhonto we Sizwe member who had died in detention, takes place.
  • 28 or 30 – A Limpet mine causes structural damage to the Military Medical Centre in Hillbrow, Johannesburg.
  • 31 – Insurgents attack the Southern Cross Fund offices and injure 14 people.
June
July
  • 2–6 – The African National Congress holds their second national consultative conference in Kabwe, Zambia.
  • 20 – P.W. Botha declares a state of emergency in 36 magisterial districts.
  • Limpet mines destroy a sub-station in Durban.
  • A Soweto group, dubbed the Suicide Squad, attacks the homes of two Soweto policemen.
  • A hand grenade is thrown at a bakery in Umlazi, Durban, where workers are on strike.
  • A hand grenade is thrown at the former community councillor in Gugulethu.
  • Two insurgents and a policeman are killed in a shootout at a police roadblock near East London.
August
  • 1 – Anti-Apartheid lawyer Victoria Mxenge is assassinated by government-backed "death squads".
  • 2 – Two insurgents and a policeman are killed at a roadblock near Mount Ruth.
  • 10 – Police defuses a limpet mine found on a petrol bowser at a fuel depot in East London.
  • 15 – P.W. Botha delivers his infamous "Rubicon Speech" at the opening of the National Party Natal Congress in Durban during a policy address in which he was widely expected to announce new reforms, but instead refuses to bow to pressure for concessions to the black majority or the release of Nelson Mandela.
  • 27 – In reaction to the Rubicon speech on 15 August, the Rand falls from 52c US to 33c US against the US dollar.
  • 27 – Government closes the foreign exchange markets and stockmarket for a week while trying to reschedule the country's international debt, which fails. International debt is not repaid for four months.
  • A hand grenade is thrown into the home of MP Barend Andrews.
  • A hand grenade is thrown into the home of a Mamelodi policeman.
  • Three limpet mines explode in department stores in Durban, causing limited damage but no injuries.
  • A bomb explodes in a night club at an Umlazi hotel and 30 children are injured.
  • August – In Queenstown, Eastern Cape, Bill Mentoor becomes the first person to be necklaced by having a petrol-filled car tyre placed around his neck and set alight.
September
  • 27–28 – Limpet mines damage the basement of OK Bazaars in Smith Street, Game Stores and Checkers, all supermarkets in central Durban, while a limpet mine is defused in Spar in central Durban.
  • Trevor Manuel is detained by police and is subsequently banned until 1990, but the ban was to be lifted in 1986.
October
  • 15 – Three Coloured youths are killed and 15 others wounded during the 'Trojan Horse Massacre' when South African security force members, hiding in the back of an unmarked truck, ambush and open fire on a stone-throwing crowd in the township of Athlone, Cape Town. The incident is captured by an international television crew and broadcast across the world.
  • 24 – A limpet mine detonates whilst being armed at Grosvenor Girls School, Bluff, Durban, killing Zinto Cele, Mandlenkosi Ndimande and injuring Sibusiso Mazibuko.
  • 30 – Parliamentary by-elections are held for five seats. The National Party retains four seats and loses the fifth to the Herstigte Nasionale Party.
  • The home of an Umlazi school headmaster is attacked with a hand grenade.
November
December
  • 8 – The Chesterville home of a policeman is bombed.
  • 13 – A South African Army anti-mine troop carrier detonates an anti-tank mine in Messina and one soldier is injured.
  • 14 – A guerrilla is killed in Chiawelo.
  • 15 – Five people are killed, three of them children aged two, eight and ten, and five are injured when their vehicle detonates an anti-tank mine on the Chatsworth farm near Messina. A one-year-old boy survives the blast.
  • 17 – A limpet mine explodes at 03h00 and damages eight PUTCO buses at the Fleetline depot in Umlazi, Durban.
  • 19 – A farmer is injured when his vehicle hits an anti-tank mine in the Weipe area.
  • 20 – The South African Army carries out a raid into Maseru, Lesotho.
  • 21 – A limpet mine attached to minibus injures 8 or 13 people.
  • 23 – A bomb explodes in an Amanzimtoti shopping centre, kills five people and injures 40 others. Andrew Zondo, who is later arrested for planting the bomb, claims that he attempted to warn the mall but failed. He was later hanged.
  • 29 – The police defuses a pamphlet bomb in Durban.
  • A limpet mine explodes at 18h00 and causes structural damage to the Chatsworth Magistrates Court outside Durban.
  • A grenade is thrown at a tourist kombi in central Durban.
Unknown date

Births

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Deaths

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Railways

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Class 11E

Locomotives

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Two new Cape gauge locomotive types enter service on the South African Railways:

Sports

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Athletics

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Motorsport

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References

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  1. ^ Archontology.org: A Guide for Study of Historical Offices: South Africa: Heads of State: 1961-1994 (Accessed on 14 April 2017)
  2. ^ Bashir A. Zikria (2009). One Home, One Family, One Future. AuthorHouse. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-4490-3640-9.
  3. ^ Laurel Baldwin-Ragaven; Leslie London; Jeanelle De Gruchy (1999). An Ambulance of the Wrong Colour: Health Professionals, Human Rights and Ethics in South Africa. Juta and Company Ltd. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-919713-48-9.
  4. ^ a b South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended
  5. ^ a b Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 132–133. ISBN 0869772112.